1. What is an SFP and its purpose
2. Differences between SFP, SFP+, and QSFP
3. Common use cases and speeds
4. Connector types (LC, SC, MPO)
5. Compatible devices (switches, routers)
6. Fiber vs copper modules
7. Hot-swappable nature
8. Module identification and labeling

1. Types of cables: Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6A
2. T568A vs T568B wiring standards
3. Punch-down and patch panel use
4. Cable labeling and color coding
5. Horizontal vs vertical cabling
6. Cable testing and certification
7. Cable routing best practices
8. Common cabling mistakes

1. Single-mode vs Multi-mode
2. Fiber core and cladding
3. Fiber connectors (LC, SC, ST)
4. Cable jacket types and color codes
5. Fiber handling and safety
6. Fiber termination methods
7. Patch cords and transceivers
8. Common field scenarios

1. What is an OTDR
2. How OTDR works
3. Fiber link analysis
4. Reading OTDR graphs
5. Dead zones and reflection
6. Locating breaks and faults
7. Saving and documenting traces
8. Limitations of OTDR

1. What is splicing and why it’s needed
2. Fusion vs mechanical splicing
3. Splicing equipment overview
4. Splice tray and enclosure
5. Fiber preparation and cleaving
6. Alignment and arc fusion
7. Post-splice testing
8. Safety and field care

1. Power meter basics
2. Wavelength settings (1310/1550 nm)
3. Light source operation
4. Connector inspection
5. Measuring loss over distance
6. Acceptable dB loss values
7. Troubleshooting dark fiber
8. Logging test results

1. What is a link budget
2. Fiber attenuation concepts
3. Connector and splice loss
4. Calculating total link loss
5. Comparing with device tolerance
6. Setting up for long haul links
7. Designing for margin
8. Real-world calculation examples

1. What is PoE and PoE+
2. IEEE standards (802.3af, 802.3at, 802.3bt)
3. PoE-capable devices
4. Injectors vs PoE switches
5. Power budget calculation
6. Testing PoE delivery
7. Common troubleshooting
8. PoE safety guidelines

1. VoIP overview
2. IP phone brands (Cisco, Yealink)
3. DHCP vs static IP setup
4. Registering to SIP server
5. Firmware and provisioning
6. VLAN for voice traffic
7. Power via PoE
8. Troubleshooting call issues

1. What is access control
2. RFID and biometric systems
3. IP-based controllers
4. Integration with network
5. Software interfaces
6. Time attendance data tracking
7. Backup and logging
8. Troubleshooting access devices

1. What is a network
2. Types of networks (LAN, WAN, MAN)
3. Network topologies
4. Switches, routers, firewalls
5. Physical vs logical addressing
6. Subnetting basics
7. Ports and protocols
8. Network cabling review

1. What is IP addressing
2. IPv4 vs IPv6 basics
3. Subnet mask and gateway
4. Private vs public IP
5. IP assignment methods
6. Static vs DHCP
7. IP conflict detection
8. CIDR notation explained

1. ping – reachability
2. ipconfig / ifconfig – IP info
3. tracert/traceroute – path test
4. nslookup/dig – DNS check
5. netstat – open ports
6. arp – address resolution
7. telnet/ssh – remote connectivity
8. Best practices in command-line troubleshooting

1. Cable tester and toner
2. Labeling tools
3. Crimping and punch tools
4. OTDR and power meter
5. Laptop and serial console
6. Multimeter for low-voltage work
7. Documentation tools
8. Safety gear and PPE

1. What is ITSM and SNOW
2. Creating and updating tickets
3. Incident vs request
4. Ticket prioritization
5. Escalation procedures
6. Customer communication
7. Using templates and knowledge base
8. Tracking SLAs

1. Deploying a fiber link end-to-end
2. Using OTDR and power meter in field
3. Configuring PoE switch + IP Phone
4. Installing access control device
5. IP assignment and VLAN setup
6. Recording test results
7. Submitting tickets in SNOW
8. Evaluation and feedback